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1.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 50(4): 543-546, July-Aug. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041415

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Studying the feeding preferences of triatomines is an important entomological surveillance tool, since continuous surveillance of the disease is necessary. METHODS: The precipitin reaction was used to describe the feeding preferences of triatomines along with their natural infection by flagellates similar to Tyrpanosoma cruzi. Six hundred eighty-seven insects were examined, including Triatoma brasiliensis, Triatoma pseudomaculata, and Panstrongylus lutzi. RESULTS: Sixty-nine (10%) of 687 triatomines examined tested positive for flagellates similar to T. cruzi, and 8 (1.2%) of these fed on human blood. CONCLUSIONS: This study found potential transmitters of Chagas disease both inside and outside the domiciliar environment.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Triatominae/physiology , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Gastrointestinal Contents , Insect Vectors/physiology , Brazil , Precipitin Tests , Triatominae/classification , Chagas Disease/transmission , Insect Vectors/classification
2.
Rev. patol. trop ; 44(2): 195-206, 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-776170

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Ressaltar a importância da distribuição geográfica e do comportamento dos vetores dadoença de Chagas no estado de Pernambuco. Métodos: O material analisado incluiu 100 por cento dosinsetos infectados por Trypanosoma sp. e 40 por cento dos insetos negativos, examinados no Laboratório deEndemias para confirmação taxonômica, pesquisa do parasito nas fezes dos triatomíneos e Controleda Qualidade na confirmação do diagnóstico. Resultados: Foram examinados 3.323 triatomíneos.A infecção natural por tripanossomatídeos foi detectada em 21,3 por cento dos exemplares. Triatomabrasiliensis foi a espécie mais frequente no intradomicílio (24,3 por cento), Triatoma pseudomaculata(14,9 por cento) e Panstrongylus megistus apresentaram proporcionalmente taxa de infecção naturalsuperior às demais (40,8 por cento) no peridomicílio. Conclusão: O conhecimento atualizado da distribuiçãogeográfica dos vetores da doença de Chagas é importante para fundamentar ações integradas entreos serviços de saúde, o que contribui para a vigilância entomológica no controle dos triatomíneos.


Objectives: To underscore the importance of geographic distribution and behavior of vectors ofChagas disease in the state of Pernambuco. Methods: The material analyzed included 100 percent of theinsects infected with Trypanosoma spp., and 40 percent of negative insects, examined at the EndemicDisease Laboratory for taxonomic confirmation, searching for the parasite in feces of the insects,with Quality Control to confirm the diagnosis. Results: A total of 3,323 triatomines. Naturalinfection by trypanosomes was detected in 21.3 percent of the specimens. Triatoma brasiliensis wasthe most frequent intradomiciliary species (24.3 percent), outside the home Triatoma pseudomaculata(14.9 percent) and Panstrongylus megistus had a natural infection rate proportionally superior to the others(40.8 percent). Conclusion: The current knowledge of the geographical distribution of Chagas diseasevectors is important as a platform to integrate actions between health services, contributing to theentomological surveillance and control of the insects.


Subject(s)
Chagas Disease , Triatominae , Trypanosoma , Quality Control
3.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 46(5): 633-636, Sept-Oct/2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-691411

ABSTRACT

Introduction We attempted to supplement traditional insecticide spraying by treating peridomiciliar food sources with a powder formulation. Methods Two groups of houses were treated with deltamethrin suspension concentrate (SC), one of which had its primary peridomestic food sources treated with deltamethrin 2P. Results Triatoma brasiliensis was the most commonly captured triatomine. Birds, dogs and rodents were the major food sources identified by the precipitin reaction; 554 domestic animals received powder treatment. A sharp reduction in infestation rates was observed in the two groups up to 360 days after spraying. Conclusion The combination SC + 2P did not improve the control of triatomines. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Insect Vectors , Insecticides , Insect Control/methods , Pyrethrins , Triatoma , Animals, Domestic , Brazil , Chagas Disease/transmission , Housing , Insect Vectors/physiology , Rural Population , Triatoma/physiology
4.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 46(5): 560-565, Sept-Oct/2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-691416

ABSTRACT

Introduction The blood meal source of sandflies provides valuable information about the vector/host interaction and allows for an understanding of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) transmission mechanisms. The aim of this study was to identify the blood meal sources of Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) intermedia in an endemic area of leishmaniasis in Brazil's State of Paraná using a precipitin test. Methods Sandflies were collected in the rural locality of Epitácio Pessoa within the City of Adrianópolis, State of Paraná, in southern Brazil. A total of 864 female sandflies were captured, and 862 (99.8%) were identified as L. intermedia species. However, two unidentified specimens were considered to be part of the genus Lutzomyia. Results Among the females examined, 396 specimens presented reactions to a certain type of tested antiserum, and most (67.9%) reacted to the simple type. These sandflies fed mainly on the blood of birds, opossums, and rodents, but specimens that fed on the blood of humans, dogs, horses, cattle, and cats were also found. Among the cross-reactions found (32.1%), bird/rodent, bird/opossum, bird/dog, bird/human, and horse/dog cross-reactions were the most common. Conclusions These results demonstrate a tendency in the eclectic feeding behavior of L. intermedia and support its potential role as a vector for ACL in the study area. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Cattle , Dogs , Female , Humans , Insect Vectors/physiology , Psychodidae/physiology , Birds , Brazil , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Horses , Insect Vectors/classification , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/transmission , Opossums , Precipitin Tests , Psychodidae/classification , Rodentia
5.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 46(5): 575-583, Sept-Oct/2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-691418

ABSTRACT

Introduction Panstrongylus megistus is commonly found in wild environments of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The aim of this study was to characterize the network of refuges used by triatomine in a forest fragment of Porto Alegre and to identify Trypanosoma cruzi infection, associated hosts and the epidemiological importance of both hosts and triatomines. Methods Techniques including the spool-and-line method and active searching (transects) were used to identify natural foci. Results The food source for each triatomine was determined using the precipitin test, and the infection of marsupials was determined by xenodiagnosis. A total of 33 adults (domestic environment) and 27 nymphs (wild environment) of P. megistus were found in addition to 43 Didelphis albiventris specimens. The infection rates of triatomine adults, triatomine nymphs and opossums with T. cruzi I were 64%, 73% and 69%, respectively. Birds, rodents and opossums were the main resources used by triatomine. Conclusions This work presents the first characterization of a natural focus of P. megistus in Rio Grande do Sul. The natural characteristics of this focus and its implication in the transmission of T. cruzi are discussed. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Chagas Disease/parasitology , Disease Reservoirs/parasitology , Insect Vectors/physiology , Panstrongylus/physiology , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Birds , Brazil , Chagas Disease/transmission , Feces/parasitology , Host-Parasite Interactions , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Opossums , Panstrongylus/parasitology , Rodentia , Trees
6.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 106(1): 16-22, Feb. 2011. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-578811

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to evaluate the feeding behavior of Triatoma vitticeps through the identification of its food sources and the characterization of the blood ingestion process. In addition, we aimed to verify if the saliva of this vector interferes with the perception of the host during the feedings by creating a nervous impulse. Here, we demonstrated that the T. vitticeps saliva reduces, gradually and irreversibly, the amplitude of the compound action potential of the nervous fibre, which helps decrease the perception of the insect by the host. The precipitin reaction demonstrated the feeding eclecticism of this vector, with the identification of eight food sources - most of them found simultaneously in the same insect. The analysis of the electrical signals produced by the cibarial pump during meals demonstrated that the best feeding performance of T. vitticeps nymphs that fed on pigeons is mainly due to the higher contraction frequency of the pump. The longer contact period with the host to obtain a complete meal compared with other triatominae species of the same instar could favor the occurrence of multiple blood sources in T. vitticeps under natural conditions, as it was evidenced by the precipitin test.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Dogs , Humans , Gastrointestinal Contents , Insect Vectors/physiology , Saliva/physiology , Triatoma/physiology , Armadillos , Birds , Brazil , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Lizards , Opossums , Rodentia , Saliva
7.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 105(1): 99-102, Feb. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-539302

ABSTRACT

A cohort initiated with 121 eggs, yielding 105 first instar nymphs (eclosion rate: 86.78 percent), allowed us to observe the entire life cycle of Triatoma ryckmani under laboratory conditions (24ºC and 62 percent relative humidity), by feeding them on anesthetized hamsters. It was possible to obtain 62 adults and the cycle from egg to adult took a mean of 359.69 days with a range of 176-529 days (mortality rate of nymphs: 40.95 percent). Mean life span of adults was of 81 days for females and 148 days for males. The developmental periods of 4th and 5th nymphs were longer than those of the other instars. This suggests that young siblings have a better chance of taking a hemolymph meal from older ones, in order to survive during fasting periods during prolonged absences of vertebrate hosts from natural ecotopes. The stomach contents of 37 insects showed blood from rodents (15 cases), lizards (7 cases), birds (6 cases) and insect hemolymph (7 cases). Out of 10 insects fed by xenodiagnosis on a Trypanosoma cruzi infected mouse, all but one became infected with the parasite.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cricetinae , Female , Male , Mice , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Life Cycle Stages/physiology , Trypanosoma cruzi , Triatoma/growth & development , Laboratories , Triatoma/parasitology , Triatoma/physiology
8.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 42(6): 647-650, Dec. 2009. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-539511

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar as fontes de alimento sanguíneo de fêmeas de Lutzomyia whitmani, espécie de flebotomíneo incriminada no Maranhão como principal vetor da leishmaniose cutânea americana. Para isso, 70 fêmeas desta espécie coletadas no município de Axixá, área com um dos maiores números de casos de leishmaniose cutânea americana em humanos no Maranhão, foram analisadas utilizando a técnica da precipitina. Dos indivíduos analisados, 90 por cento apresentaram reação a algum tipo de antissoro e dentre estes, 73 por cento apresentaram reações do tipo simples com predominância para sangue de galinha (22,2 por cento), roedor (14,3) e humano (12,7 por cento). Nas reações duplas predominaram as combinações galinha/humano (6,3 por cento), galinha/gambá (4,8 por cento), boi/humano e gambá/humano (3,2 por cento). Assim, concluímos que seres humanos, animais domésticos e sinantrópicos constituem fonte alimentar sanguínea para Lutzomyia whitmani podendo desempenhar um papel importante no ciclo de transmissão da leishmaniose cutânea americana explicando os casos da doença em Axixá.


The aim of this study was to determine the sources of blood meals for females of Lutzomyia whitmani, a phlebotomine species incriminated as the main vector for American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Maranhão. For this, 70 Lutzomyia whitmani females were collected in the municipality of Axixá, an area with one of the greatest numbers of cases of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans in Maranhão. They were analyzed using the precipitin technique. Ninety percent of the specimens showed a reaction to some type of antiserum positive immune reaction, among which 73 percent presented single reactions, with predominance for chicken blood (22 percent), rodent blood (14.3 percent) and human blood (12.7 percent). Among the double reactions, the predominant combinations were chicken/human (6.3 percent), chicken/opossum (4.8 percent), ox/human (3.2 percent) and opossum/human (3.2 percent). Thus, we conclude that humans and domestic and synanthropic animals are blood meal sources for Lutzomyia whitmani and may play an important role in the transmission cycle for American cutaneous leishmaniasis, thus explaining the cases of this disease in Axixá.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Female , Humans , Insect Vectors/physiology , Psychodidae/physiology , Brazil , Chickens , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/transmission , Opossums , Rodentia , Swine
9.
Cad. saúde pública ; 24(9): 2183-2186, set. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-492663

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar as fontes alimentares sanguíneas de flebotomíneos por meio da reação da precipitina, em Buriticupu, na Amazônia maranhense, Brasil, de julho de 2002 a junho de 2004. Foram detectadas reações simples (87,6 por cento), duplas (8 por cento) e não reagentes (4,4 por cento). A presença de flebotomíneos alimentados com sangue humano (6,7 por cento) e de possíveis reservatórios de Leishmania no peridomicílio ajuda a explicar a ocorrência de casos autóctones de leishmaniose tegumentar no Município de Buriticupu.


The objective of this study was to determine the blood feeding sources for sand flies based on the precipitin test in Buriticupu, Amazon Region, Maranhão State, Brazil, from July 2002 to June 2004. Single (87.6 percent) and double (8 percent) reactions and non-reactive samples (4.4 percent) were found. The presence of sand flies fed on human blood (6.7 percent) and blood of animals that are possible peridomiciliary Leishmania reservoirs helps explain the reporting of autochthonous tegumentary leishmaniasis cases in Buriticupu.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Food Preferences/physiology , Insect Vectors/physiology , Leishmania/physiology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/transmission , Phlebotomus/physiology , Animals, Domestic , Brazil , Disease Reservoirs , Gastrointestinal Contents , Host-Pathogen Interactions/physiology
10.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 41(4): 365-368, jul.-ago. 2008. graf, mapas, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-494490

ABSTRACT

O estudo dos hábitos alimentares e do conteúdo intestinal dos flebotomíneos permite a identificação dos hospedeiros, indicando os potenciais reservatórios das leishmanias. Este trabalho objetivou determinar a preferência alimentar de Lutzomyia longipalpis e sua relação com a transmissão da leishmaniose visceral. As capturas mensais foram realizadas em área de transmissão de leishmaniose visceral, município de Várzea Grande, Estado de Mato Grosso, no período de janeiro de 2004 a junho de 2006, utilizando-se armadilhas de luz CDC. Foram capturadas 2.376 fêmeas de Lutzomyia longipalpis, das quais 104 (4,4 por cento) estavam ingurgitadas, sendo 32 (30,8 por cento) capturadas no intradomicílio e 72 (69,2 por cento) no peridomicílio. Após reação de precipitina, observou-se que as fêmeas de Lutzomyia longipalpis alimentaram-se preferencialmente em aves (30,8 por cento) e roedores (21,2 por cento), mas também foram encontradas fêmeas alimentadas de sangue de humanos, gambás, bois, cavalos e cães, demonstrando o caráter oportunista da espécie.


Studies on the feeding habits and intestinal content of sandflies make it possible to identify hosts, thereby indicating potential reservoirs for Leishmania. The present study had the aim of determining the feeding preferences of Lutzomyia longipalpis and its relationship with the transmission of visceral leishmaniasis. Specimens were caught every month in a transmission area of visceral leishmaniasis, in the municipality of Várzea Grande, State of Mato Grosso, from January 2004 to June 2006, using CDC light traps. 2,376 females of Lutzomyia longipalpis were caught, of which 104 (4.4 percent) were engorged. Among these, 32 (30.8 percent) were caught inside homes and 72 (69.2 percent) in areas surrounding homes. From the precipitin reaction, it was observed that Lutzomyia longipalpis females fed preferentially on birds (30.8 percent) and rodents (21.2 percent), but they were also found to have fed on blood from humans, opossums, oxen, horses and dogs, thus demonstrating the opportunist nature of this species.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Female , Humans , Insect Vectors/physiology , Psychodidae/physiology , Birds , Brazil , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Horses , Insect Vectors/classification , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/transmission , Opossums , Precipitin Tests , Psychodidae/classification , Rodentia
11.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 41(4): 419-420, jul.-ago. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-494502

ABSTRACT

Foram capturados quatro exemplares de Triatoma vitticeps e um de Panstrongylus geniculatus, no intradomicílio, no município de São Fidélis, Rio de Janeiro. Ficou comprovado a infecção positiva para Trypanosoma cruzi num dos exemplares de Triatoma vitticeps. Dois moradores da residência, um adulto e uma adolescente apresentaram sorologia positiva.


Four specimens of Triatoma vitticeps and one of Panstrongylus geniculatus were caught inside a home in the municipality of São Fidélis, Rio de Janeiro. One of the specimens of Triatoma vitticeps proved positive for infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. Two people living in that home (one adult and one adolescent) presented positive serology.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Panstrongylus/parasitology , Triatoma/parasitology , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Brazil , Chagas Disease/transmission , Housing
12.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 39(4): 347-351, jul.-ago. 2006. mapas, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-439877

ABSTRACT

Os autores utilizaram a técnica de precipitina para identificar as fontes alimentares de Panstrongylus lutzi (Neiva & Pinto, 1923) em 20 municípios do Estado do Ceará, Brasil. Os resultados detectaram a presença de sangue de oito diferentes fontes sanguíneas e alimentações mistas, demonstrando que Panstrongylus lutzi é uma espécie eclética. Altas taxas de infecção por tripanosomatídeos foram detectadas.


The authors used precipitin technique to detect the feeding sources of Panstrongylus lutzi (Neiva & Pinto, 1923) in 20 municipalities of Ceará State, Brazil. The results detected the presence of blood from eight different blood sources and mixed feedings, demonstrating that Panstrongylus lutzi is an eclectic species. High infection rates for Trypanosoma like-cruzi were detected.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Gastrointestinal Contents , Insect Vectors/physiology , Panstrongylus/physiology , Trypanosoma cruzi , Brazil , Chagas Disease/transmission , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Precipitin Tests , Panstrongylus/parasitology
13.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 38(5): 421-425, set.-out. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-409479

ABSTRACT

O comportamento e hábitos alimentares de algumas espécies da flebotomíneos têm sido útil na compreensão da epidemiologia das leishmanioses. No município de Porteirinha (MG), foram realizadas capturas mensais sistematizadas utilizando-se 28 armadilhas luminosas tipo CDC, durante o período de janeiro a dezembro de 2002. Foram capturadas 14 espécies de flebotomíneos, totalizando 1.408 exemplares. De acordo com o ambiente, os resultados obtidos mostraram que o peridomicílio apresentou a maior (53,3 por cento) porcentagem dos espécimens encontrados na região, embora parte (46,7 por cento) da fauna também tenha sido encontrada no intradomicílio. O repasto sanguíneo de 38 fêmeas de Lutzomyia longipalpis, provenientes do campo, foi identificado através da reação de precipitina. Os resultados indicam que Lutzomyia longipalpis foi a espécie predominante (65,1 por cento), mostrando-se oportunista, podendo sugar uma ampla variedade de vertebrados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Insect Vectors/classification , Psychodidae/classification , Brazil/epidemiology , Endemic Diseases , Insect Vectors/physiology , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/epidemiology , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/transmission , Precipitin Tests , Psychodidae/physiology , Seasons
14.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 100(6): 507-512, Oct. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-417067

ABSTRACT

Triatoma dimidiata has been found in several cities and towns of those countries where the insect is a domestic or peridomestic pest. In Central America, urban infestations occur in the capitals of at least five countries. During 2001 and 2002 a survey was carried out in the county of San Rafael, Heredia province, located 15 km northwest of San José, capital of Costa Rica, in order to determine the degree of infestation by T. dimidiata in an entire city block. Six peridomestic colonies of the insect were detected in the backyards of eight households. The ecotopes occupied by the insects consisted of store rooms with old objects, wood piles or firewood, and chicken coops. A total of 1917 insects were found in the six foci, during two sampling periods, and a mean infection rate by Trypanosoma cruzi of 28.4 percent was found in 1718 insects examined. The largest colony found in one of the households yielded 872 insects that were thriving mainly at the expenses of two dogs. Opossums and adult insects were common visitors of the houses and it became evident that this marsupial is closely related to the peridomestic cycle of the Chagas disease agent. Lack of colonization of the insect inside the human dwellings is explained by the type of construction and good sanitary conditions of the houses, in contrast to the situation in most peridomiciliary areas. Stomach blood samples from the insects showed that the main hosts were, in order of decreasing frequency: rodents, dogs, fowl, humans, opossums, and cats. The fact that no indication of infection with Chagas disease could be detected in the human occupants of the infested houses, vis a vis the high infection rate in dogs, is discussed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Dogs , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Gastrointestinal Contents , Housing , Insect Vectors/physiology , Triatoma/physiology , Costa Rica , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , Chagas Disease/transmission , Chagas Disease/veterinary , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Population Surveillance , Triatoma/parasitology , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Urban Population
15.
Rev. saúde pública ; 39(1): 27-32, fev. 2005. mapas, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-391869

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Triatoma pseudomaculata, espécie peridomiciliar, é encontrada apresentando baixa taxa de infecção por Trypanosoma cruzi. Com o objetivo de identificar os possíveis reservatórios de T. cruzi, investigou-se a ocorrência desse triatomíneo no domicílio, bem como suas fontes alimentares. MÉTODOS: De janeiro de 2001 a julho de 2002 foram capturados 921 espécimes de T. pseudomaculata em 13 municípios do sul do Estado do Ceará. O conteúdo intestinal dos triatomíneos foi retirado, espalhado em disco de papel de filtro e analisado por precipitina para os seguintes anti-soros: ave, roedor, cão, gambá, lagarto, boi/cabra, gato, porco, barata e humano. A investigação da presença de T. cruzi foi feita observando-se parte do conteúdo intestinal dos insetos a fresco, entre lâmina e lamínula, e pela sua semeadura em meio de cultura. RESULTADOS: Do total examinado, 184 (90,6 por cento) foram positivos para os anti-soros testados: ave (62,5 por cento)> roedor (33,7 por cento)> cão (20,1 por cento)> gambá (9,8 por cento)> lagarto (5 por cento)> boi-cabra (5 por cento)> gato (2,7 por cento)> porco (2,2 por cento)> barata (2,2 por cento)> humano (1,6 por cento). As alimentações variaram de zero (não reagiram) a quatro da seguinte forma: não reagiram (9,4 por cento), uma (57,1 por cento), duas (26 por cento), três (7 por cento) ou quatro (0,5 por cento). Das fontes alimentares identificadas apenas três espécimes (1,6 por cento) foram positivos para T. cruzi. CONCLUSÕES: A baixa incidência de sangue humano mostra que T. pseudomaculata está bem adaptado ao peridomicílio. Porém, a vigilância epidemiológica na região sul do Estado do Ceará se faz necessária tendo em vista a proximidade da espécie ao domicílio.


Subject(s)
Disease Vectors , Feeding Behavior , Insect Vectors , Trypanosoma cruzi , Disease Vectors
16.
Cad. saúde pública ; 20(5): 1191-1200, set.-out. 2004. mapas, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-385198

ABSTRACT

Avaliou-se a infestação por triatomíneos, a prevalência sorológica para T. cruzi em humanos e em animais domésticos, e a pesquisa de variáveis que poderiam estar associadas à presença de triatomíneos na unidade domiciliar (UD) em área rural de nove municípios e um distrito do Paraná, Brasil, junho/1996 a fevereiro/2000. Uma UD foi definida como todas as casas e anexos existentes na propriedade. Amostras de sangue de voluntários humanos, cachorros e gatos foram submetidos à imunoflorescência indireta. Uma ficha epidemiológica foi preenchida para cada UD pesquisada. Foi adotado um modelo logístico para identificar associações. Sete dos nove municípios foram positivos para triatomíneos. T. infestans não foi capturado. T. sordida, P. megistuse e R. neglectus foram as espécies capturadas. Diferentes variáveis foram consideradas decisivas para a presença de triatomíneos nos municípios: proximidade à mata residual-capoeira ou ilhas de mata densa, maior tempo de residência, existência de casas habitadas e UD infestada no passado. A fim de assegurar a continuidade do controle da doença de Chagas, medidas de vigilância entomo-epidemiológicas devem ser mantidas nesses municípios.


Subject(s)
Chagas Disease/transmission , Epidemiologic Factors , Triatoma
17.
Cad. saúde pública ; 19(5): 1373-1380, set.-out. 2003. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-349746

ABSTRACT

Estudou-se por meio da reaçäo da precipitina, o conteúdo estomacal de Lutzomyia longipalpis nos ambientes intradomiciliar e peridoméstico, no Município de Raposa, Maranhão, área de transmissäo de leishmaniose visceral ou "calazar". De 2.240 fêmeas capturadas, 547 (24,4 por cento) estavam alimentadas com sangue de vertebrados nas proporções que seguem: ave (87,9 por cento); roedor (47,2 por cento); humano (42,4 por cento), cäo (27,6 por cento); mucura (26,6 por cento) e eqüino (22,5 por cento). A investigaçäo levada a efeito em 120 habitações confirmou a galinha como o animal doméstico mais comum no ambiente peridoméstico (28,3 por cento), seguido pelo cäo (21,7 por cento), gato (17,5 por cento), jumento (13,3 por cento), pombo (7,5 por cento), coelho (3,3 por cento) e pato (3,3 por cento); enquanto o cavalo, marreco e porco representaram, cada um, 1,7 por cento. Entre os animais sinantrópicos, a mucura foi a mais citada naquele ambiente (39,3 por cento), seguida pelo rato (37,9 por cento), morcego (14,3 por cento) guaxinim (3,6 por cento), raposa (2,1 por cento), cobra (1,4 por cento) e sapo (1,4 por cento). A presença no peridomicílio de animais domésticos e sinantrópicos e o encontro de flebótomos alimentados, ao mesmo tempo, com sangue humano, de mucura e de canídeos, corroboram a hipótese de que a transmissäo do calazar esteja ocorrendo realmente no ambiente antrópico, no Município de Raposa


Subject(s)
Leishmaniasis, Visceral , Psychodidae
18.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 98(7): 885-887, Oct. 2003. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-352388

ABSTRACT

Following the report of triatomine nymphs in a house in Arcadia, Miguel Pereira, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the infested dwelling was checked. Several eggs and 46 specimens of Triatoma vitticeps (Stal, 1859) were collected. Among them, adults and nymphal instars accounted for 43.5 percent and 56.5 percent, respectively. Analysis of blood meals showed the ecletism of this species; 24 (52.2 percent) were single feeds, 18 insects (39.1 percent) fed on two hosts and 4 (8.7 percent) on three hosts. Trypanosoma cruzi infection rate of examined specimens was 13 percent. Finally one of the residents of the house was positive for anti-T. cruzi antibodies using indirect immunofluorescence.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Female , Dogs , Chagas Disease , Insect Vectors , Triatoma , Trypanosoma cruzi , Birds , Brazil , Chagas Disease , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Feeding Behavior , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Insect Vectors , Rodentia , Triatoma
19.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 34(5): 491-494, set.-out. 2001. mapas, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-316678

ABSTRACT

Em resposta a denúncias de triatomíneos em ilhas do Alto Rio Paraná foram investigados 145 ecótopos artificiais e 4 (2,8 por cento) deles encontravam-se infestados: residência, clube, ex-escola e monte de madeira. Foram analisados 17 de 35 P. megistus coletados; 12 (70,6 por cento) apresentavam-se infectados por Trypanosoma cruzi. Ave e roedor constituíram as fontes alimentares mais comuns. Todos os exames sorológicos (56 de humanos, 18 de cães e 10 de gatos) foram negativos


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Panstrongylus , Triatoma , Triatominae , Brazil , Disease Notification , Disease Reservoirs , Chagas Disease/epidemiology , Chagas Disease/transmission , Housing , Insect Vectors , Vector Control of Diseases
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